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Question

What physical principle explains why electromagnetic waves can exhibit interference and diffraction?

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Explanation

**Ampere-Maxwell law** ∮ B·dl = μ₀(I_c + ε₀ dΦ_E/dt) generalizes Ampere's law, displacement current arises from time-varying electric field, source of magnetic field like conduction current. For rate of change of flux 2×10¹¹ V·m/s, I_d = ε₀×2×10¹¹ =8.85×10⁻¹²×2×10¹¹=1.77 A. Electromagnetic waves exhibit wave-like behavior due to their sinusoidal nature, allowing superposition, which leads to phenomena like interference and diffraction. Using c = fλ, E₀/B₀ = c, I_d = ε₀ dΦ_E/dt, and spectrum classification λ = c/f, evaluation yields Wave-like behavior, illustrating EM wave transverse nature and Maxwell's displacement current concept.

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