#symbiosis

BOTANY

Which of the following statements about lichens is correct?

Lichens are formed by a symbiotic association between fungi and algae, where algae perform photosynthesis. This follows from latest NCERT 2026-27 principle explaining the concept clearly for NEET students in simple steps as per rationalized syllabus.

Ref: NCERT Biology Textbook - Latest Edition for Academic Session 2026-27 (Botany section, Rationalized Textbook for Class XI and XII), Chapter: Biology - Botany portion (Latest NCERT Textbooks for Academic Session 2026-27 -

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Population Interactions - Mutualism and Amensalism

Which of the following statements about ecological interactions is correct?

Competition negatively impacts both species as they compete for the same limited resources.

Ref: NCERT Class 12 Biology Chapter 11: Organisms and Populations Population Interactions - Mutualism and Amensalism

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Population Interactions - Mutualism and Amensalism

What type of relationship is observed between the fig tree and the wasp?

The fig tree provides a site for wasp egg-laying, while the wasp pollinates the fig tree, making it a mutualistic relationship.

Ref: NCERT Class 12 Biology Chapter 11: Organisms and Populations Population Interactions - Mutualism and Amensalism

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Population Interactions - Parasitism and Commensalism

Which of the following species interactions is NOT a form of symbiosis?

Symbiosis involves close and prolonged interactions between species, while competition is a struggle for limited resources without direct dependency.

Ref: NCERT Class 12 Biology Chapter 11: Organisms and Populations Population Interactions - Parasitism and Commensalism

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Population Interactions - Parasitism and Commensalism

Which of the following is an example of commensalism?

Barnacles benefit from attachment to a whale without harming or benefiting the whale, making it a commensal relationship.

Ref: NCERT Class 12 Biology Chapter 11: Organisms and Populations Population Interactions - Parasitism and Commensalism

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Population Interactions - Parasitism and Commensalism

Which type of species interaction benefits one species while harming the other?

Parasitism benefits the parasite while harming the host by extracting nutrients or causing disease.

Ref: NCERT Class 12 Biology Chapter 11: Organisms and Populations Population Interactions - Parasitism and Commensalism

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Algae - General Characteristics and Chlorophyceae

Which of the following algae forms symbiotic associations with fungi in lichens?

Chlorella, a green alga, commonly forms a symbiotic association with fungi to form lichens.

Ref: NCERT Class 11 Biology Chapter 3: Plant Kingdom Algae - General Characteristics and Chlorophyceae

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Viruses Viroids Prions and Lichens

A composite organism contains an autotrophic partner that prepares food and a fungal partner that provides shelter and a

The organism is a lichen. Its algal phycobiont prepares food, while its fungal mycobiont provides shelter and absorbs water and mineral nutrients. Lichens do not grow in polluted areas and therefore indicate air pollution.

Ref: NCERT Class 11 Biology Chapter 2: Biological Classification Viruses Viroids Prions and Lichens

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Viruses Viroids Prions and Lichens

A composite organism consists of an algal partner that prepares food and a fungal partner that provides shelter and abso

The organism is a lichen. The algal phycobiont prepares food, while the fungal mycobiont provides shelter and absorbs water and mineral nutrients. Lichens do not grow in polluted areas and therefore indicate air pollution.

Ref: NCERT Class 11 Biology Chapter 2: Biological Classification Viruses Viroids Prions and Lichens

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Viruses Viroids Prions and Lichens

In a lichen, partner X prepares food while partner Y provides shelter and absorbs water and minerals. Which additional o

In lichens, the algal phycobiont prepares food, while the fungal mycobiont provides shelter and absorbs water and mineral nutrients. Lichens do not grow in polluted areas and therefore serve as pollution indicators.

Ref: NCERT Class 11 Biology Chapter 2: Biological Classification Viruses Viroids Prions and Lichens

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Viruses Viroids Prions and Lichens

In a lichen, one partner prepares food while the other provides shelter and absorbs water and mineral nutrients. Which p

The phycobiont is the autotrophic algal partner and prepares food. The mycobiont is the heterotrophic fungal partner; it provides shelter and absorbs mineral nutrients and water for the association.

Ref: NCERT Class 11 Biology Chapter 2: Biological Classification Viruses Viroids Prions and Lichens

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Bacteria - Structure and Economic Importance

A composite organism is absent from a polluted locality. Its photosynthetic partner supplies food, while its fungal part

The association is a lichen. The algal phycobiont prepares food, while the fungal mycobiont provides shelter and absorbs water and minerals. Because lichens do not grow in polluted areas, they indicate air pollution.

Ref: NCERT Class 11 Biology Chapter 2: Biological Classification Bacteria - Structure and Economic Importance

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