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snRNPs are components of the spliceosome that participate in removing introns during RNA splicing.
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Biology Chapter 5: Molecular Basis of Inheritance Post-Transcriptional Modifications - Capping Splicing Polyadenylation
The spliceosome removes introns from pre-mRNA and joins the exons together to form mature mRNA.
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Biology Chapter 5: Molecular Basis of Inheritance Post-Transcriptional Modifications - Capping Splicing Polyadenylation
Spliceosome is one of largest cellular complexes, megadalton machine composed of five small nuclear ribonucleoproteins snRNPs U1, U2, U4, U5, U6, each containing uridine-rich snRNA, ring of seven Sm or LSm proteins, and particle-specific proteins. Together snRNPs provide RNA-RNA recognition, catalytic core via U6 snRNA forming active site similar to group II self-splicing introns, and protein scaffold stabilizing conformations. Spliceosome undergoes extensive compositional remodeling driven by eight DEAH/D-box helicases Prp2, Prp5, Prp16, Prp22, Prp43, Brr2, allowing progression through E, A, B, Bact, C complexes culminating in exon ligation and proofreading.
Ref: Lodish et al., Molecular Cell Biology, 9th ed., Chapter 11: Spliceosome composed of snRNPs; Alberts 7th ed., snRNP assembly and spliceosome cycle
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