42 public questions tagged with this topic.
Energy transfer between trophic levels is inefficient, with only about 10% being passed on.
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Biology Chapter 11: Organisms and Populations Population Interactions - Mutualism and Amensalism
Amensalism occurs when one species is harmed while the other remains unaffected, such as fungi releasing antibiotics that inhibit bacterial growth.
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Biology Chapter 11: Organisms and Populations Population Interactions - Mutualism and Amensalism
Mutualism benefits both species, such as pollinators receiving nectar while aiding plant reproduction.
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Biology Chapter 11: Organisms and Populations Population Interactions - Mutualism and Amensalism
In lichens, both algae and fungi benefit. Algae provide food through photosynthesis, while fungi offer structural support.
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Biology Chapter 11: Organisms and Populations Population Interactions - Mutualism and Amensalism
Commensalism is an interaction where one species benefits while the other remains unaffected.
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Biology Chapter 11: Organisms and Populations Population Interactions - Parasitism and Commensalism
Brood parasitism occurs when a species, such as a cuckoo, lays its eggs in the nest of another species, relying on them to raise its young.
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Biology Chapter 11: Organisms and Populations Population Interactions - Parasitism and Commensalism
Competition occurs when two species compete for limited resources, negatively affecting both.
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Biology Chapter 11: Organisms and Populations Population Interactions - Parasitism and Commensalism
In commensalism, one species benefits while the other is neither helped nor harmed, such as barnacles on a whale.
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Biology Chapter 11: Organisms and Populations Population Interactions - Parasitism and Commensalism
Parasitism, like predation, benefits one species while harming the other, but it does not cause immediate death of the host.
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Biology Chapter 11: Organisms and Populations Population Interactions - Parasitism and Commensalism
Parasitism benefits the parasite while harming the host, as seen in ticks feeding on a dog's blood.
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Biology Chapter 11: Organisms and Populations Population Interactions - Parasitism and Commensalism
The clownfish benefits from the protection of the sea anemone, while the sea anemone remains unaffected.
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Biology Chapter 11: Organisms and Populations Population Interactions - Parasitism and Commensalism
Parasitism benefits the parasite while harming the host, unlike mutualism where both species benefit.
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Biology Chapter 11: Organisms and Populations Population Interactions - Parasitism and Commensalism
