Practice question

Current evo-devo model proposes carpel originated from leaf-like megasporophyll bearing ovules marginally along edges, followed by conduplicate folding inward and fusion sealing ovule enclosure securing seeds inside protected environment, transition documented in fossil glossopterid cupules and caytonia cupule enclosing multiple ovules with cupule wall. MADS-box genes AGAMOUS specifying carpel identity co-opted from leaf developmental network involving YABBY CRABS CLAW gene families conferring abaxial identity and lateral organ polarity. Stem into ovule, root into flower, anther into stigma hypotheses misinterpret organ homology and phylogenetic continuity; leaf with sporangia model best supported by morphology genetics paleobotany fossil record integrated.