Practice question

Pluripotency concept evolved from teratocarcinoma studies showing embryonal carcinoma cells could contribute to tissues. The definitive demonstration came with isolation of mouse embryonic stem cells in 1981 by Evans and Kaufman and independently by Martin. Cultured inner cell mass cells on feeder layers with LIF remained undifferentiated, expressed alkaline phosphatase, formed teratomas containing three germ layers, and contributed to chimeras including germline. This proved stable pluripotent lines exist in culture. Cloning Dolly and mesenchymal stem cell discovery addressed totipotency reversal and multipotency, not primary pluripotency proof.