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A silent mutation changes a nucleotide sequence but does not alter the amino acid due to the degeneracy of the genetic code.
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Biology Chapter 5: Molecular Basis of Inheritance Human Genome Project and DNA Fingerprinting
A silent mutation changes a nucleotide sequence but does not alter the amino acid sequence due to redundancy in the genetic code.
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Biology Chapter 5: Molecular Basis of Inheritance Regulation of Gene Expression - Lac Operon
A silent mutation does not change the amino acid sequence due to the redundancy of the genetic code.
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Biology Chapter 5: Molecular Basis of Inheritance Search for Genetic Material and RNA World
Due to degeneracy of genetic code, many third-position base changes leave amino acid unchanged because multiple codons encode same residue. Such synonymous substitutions maintain protein primary structure, so enzymatic activity and fold remain comparable, earning term neutral or silent mutation as selection pressure minimal. However synonymous sites are not universally neutral, as codon usage bias affects translation rate, mRNA folding, and exonic splicing enhancers, meaning phenotypic neutrality depends on context though amino acid sequence preservation remains true. This principle illustrates essential molecular mechanisms governing replication fidelity and mutation fixation relevant for exam interpretation.
Ref: Griffiths et al., Introduction to Genetic Analysis, 12th ed., Chapter 10: Silent Neutral Mutation Concept
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