What is the role of DNA polymerase in PCR?
DNA polymerase extends primers to synthesize new DNA strands during PCR.
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Biology Chapter 9: Biotechnology: Principles and Processes Polymerase Chain Reaction - PCR and Applications
#DNA replication
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Which enzyme is responsible for unwinding DNA strands during replication?
Helicase unwinds the DNA double helix, allowing replication and transcription to occur.
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Biology Chapter 9: Biotechnology: Principles and Processes Tools - Restriction Enzymes - Molecular Scissors
In the Meselson and Stahl experiment, which isotope was used to label the original DNA strands?
Nitrogen-15 was used to label the original DNA strands to demonstrate semiconservative replication.
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Biology Chapter 5: Molecular Basis of Inheritance Human Genome Project and DNA Fingerprinting
Which protein prevents the premature reannealing of DNA strands during replication?
Single-strand binding proteins (SSBs) prevent the reannealing of separated DNA strands during replication.
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Biology Chapter 5: Molecular Basis of Inheritance Regulation of Gene Expression - Lac Operon
Which feature of DNA allows its replication to be described as "semi-conservative"?
DNA replication is semi-conservative because each new molecule contains one parental and one new strand.
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Biology Chapter 5: Molecular Basis of Inheritance Regulation of Gene Expression - Lac Operon
Which enzyme is responsible for removing RNA primers during DNA replication?
DNA polymerase I removes RNA primers and fills the gaps with DNA nucleotides during replication.
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Biology Chapter 5: Molecular Basis of Inheritance DNA Replication - Semiconservative and Machinery
Which of the following statements correctly describes semi-conservative DNA replication?
In semi-conservative replication, each daughter DNA molecule consists of one parental and one newly synthesized strand.
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Biology Chapter 5: Molecular Basis of Inheritance DNA Replication - Semiconservative and Machinery
Which enzyme is responsible for removing supercoiling ahead of the replication fork?
Topoisomerase prevents excessive supercoiling of DNA ahead of the replication fork by cutting and rejoining the DNA strands.
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Biology Chapter 5: Molecular Basis of Inheritance DNA Replication - Semiconservative and Machinery
Which of the following is a function of DNA ligase?
DNA ligase joins Okazaki fragments by forming phosphodiester bonds between them.
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Biology Chapter 5: Molecular Basis of Inheritance DNA Replication - Semiconservative and Machinery
Which of the following statements about DNA polymerase is incorrect?
DNA polymerase does not unwind the DNA helix; helicase is responsible for this function.
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Biology Chapter 5: Molecular Basis of Inheritance DNA Replication - Semiconservative and Machinery
Which of the following is a function of DNA ligase?
DNA ligase joins Okazaki fragments on the lagging strand by forming phosphodiester bonds.
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Biology Chapter 5: Molecular Basis of Inheritance DNA Replication - Semiconservative and Machinery
Which of the following statements about DNA replication is correct?
DNA replication is semi-conservative, meaning each new DNA molecule consists of one parental and one newly synthesized strand.
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Biology Chapter 5: Molecular Basis of Inheritance DNA Replication - Semiconservative and Machinery