7 public questions tagged with this topic.
Insulin, secreted by the beta cells of the pancreas, lowers blood glucose levels by promoting glucose uptake by cells.
Ref: NCERT Class 11 Biology Chapter 19: Chemical Coordination and Integration Pancreas - Insulin Glucagon and Diabetes
Glucagon, secreted by alpha cells of the pancreas, increases blood glucose levels by promoting glycogen breakdown.
Ref: NCERT Class 11 Biology Chapter 19: Chemical Coordination and Integration Pancreas - Insulin Glucagon and Diabetes
Glucagon, secreted by the pancreas, increases blood glucose levels by promoting glycogen breakdown.
Ref: NCERT Class 11 Biology Chapter 19: Chemical Coordination and Integration Pancreas - Insulin Glucagon and Diabetes
Cortisol, a glucocorticoid secreted by the adrenal cortex, increases blood glucose levels by stimulating gluconeogenesis.
Ref: NCERT Class 11 Biology Chapter 19: Chemical Coordination and Integration Adrenal Gland - Cortex and Medulla
dephosphorylation, is consistent with established principles of cell signaling, receptor pharmacology and cellular regulation. Experimental measurements of binding parameters, genetic loss-of-function studies and pharmacological interventions all converge on the same interpretation. Related options address neighboring concepts but do not satisfy the precise criterion stated in the question.
Ref: NCERT Biology Class 11–12 Alberts et al Molecular Biology of the Cell Lodish et al, Molecular Cell Biology Cooper & Hausman, The Cell Abbas et al., Cellular and Molecular Immunology (for immunology sections)
Both β-adrenergic receptors and glucagon receptors couple to the stimulatory G protein Gs. Activated Gs stimulates adenylyl cyclase, elevating cAMP and activating protein kinase A. PKA phosphorylates enzymes of glycogen metabolism, ultimately raising blood glucose. Insulin opposes these effects by promoting dephosphorylation of the same target proteins, illustrating reciprocal control of carbohydrate homeostasis.
Ref: NCERT Biology Class 11–12 Alberts et al Molecular Biology of the Cell Lodish et al, Molecular Cell Biology Cooper & Hausman, The Cell Abbas et al., Cellular and Molecular Immunology (for immunology sections)
Go with B — Gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis. Within Endocrinology, that statement lines up with the standard definition and the usual exam wording you’ll see. In plain terms, the functional job described in the stem is exactly what Gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis does in Endocrinology. Holding that picture in mind makes Gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis feel natural rather than something you only memorise. Link the term to a real body example (organ, tissue, or ion flow) so the idea stays concrete under exam pressure. A short mental diagram helps — start from stimulus or structure, follow the pathway, and stop at the functional result described by Gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis.
Ref: Animal physiology is Unit 7 of the CSIR NET Life Science Syllabus, covering core body systems. It accounts for roughly 10% of the total marks in Sections B and C.
