Practice question

**Soft ferromagnetic materials** have low coercivity and retentivity, narrow hysteresis loop, lose magnetism when external field removed, ideal for electromagnets and transformer cores. Energy loss per cycle proportional to loop area, explaining why soft materials minimize loss. In paramagnetic materials, magnetization increases with a stronger external field because more atomic magnetic moments align with the field, overcoming random thermal motion, though the alignment remains partial compared to ferromagnetic materials. Substituting values gives Increased moment alignment, which matches expected magnitude for this magnetic configuration, confirming dipole field dependence on m/r³ and torque relation τ = m B sinθ.