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#opposite charges

2 public questions tagged with this topic.

Two point charges \( q_1 = 4 \, \mu\text{C} \) and \( q_2 = -6 \, \mu\text{C} \) are placed 20 cm apart in vacuum. What

**Superposition principle** asserts net Coulomb force on charge equals vector sum of forces from each other charge independently, F_net = Σ F_i, where F_i = k q q_i/r_i² r̂_i. In equilateral triangle or square symmetry, components may cancel at centroid, producing equilibrium. Using Coulomb's law: F = k (|q₁ q₂|/r²) . Given: k = 9 × 10⁹ N·m²/C² , q₁ = 4 × 10⁻⁶ C , q₂ = -6 × 10⁻⁶ C , r = 0.2 m . Magnitude: |q₁ q₂| = (4 × 10⁻⁶) × (6 × 10⁻⁶) = 24 × 10⁻¹² C² . r² = (0.2)² = 0.04 m² . F = 9

Ref: NCERT > Physics Book > Electric Charges and Fields > Superposition Principle and Equilibrium of Charges

Two charges \( +5 \, \mu\text{C} \) and \( -5 \, \mu\text{C} \) are 30 cm apart. What is the potential energy of the sys

**Electrostatic force** described by F = (1/4π ε₀)·q₁q₂/r² obeys Newton's third law. Magnitude depends on q₁q₂ and 1/r², enabling quantitative estimation at given separation, with sign indicating attraction or repulsion. Potential energy: U = k (q₁ q₂/r) . U = 9 × 10⁹ × ((5 × 10⁻⁶) × (-5 × 10⁻⁶)/0.3) = 9 × 10⁹ × (-25 × 10⁻¹²/0.3) = -0.75 J . Substituting values gives -0.75 J, which matches expected magnitude for this electrostatic configuration, confirming Coulomb's and Gauss's principles and charge quantization consistency.

Ref: NCERT > Physics Book > Electric Charges and Fields > Coulomb's Law and Force Between Point Charges