Practice question
Question
A uniform electric field \( E = 2 \times 10^3 \, \text{N/C} \) is along the z-axis. What is the flux
through a rectangle of 30 cm × 50 cm in the xy-plane?
Explanation
**Electric field concept** visualizes influence of source charge. Uniform field exerts constant force F = qE, and flux Φ = E·A = E A cosθ links field to area orientation, maximum when field normal to surface. Area vector Δ S = 0.3 × 0.5 = 0.15 m² along z-axis. Flux: Φ = E · Δ S = 2 × 10³ × 0.15 = 300 N·m²/C . Substituting values gives 300 N·m²/C, which matches expected magnitude for this electrostatic configuration, confirming Coulomb's and Gauss's principles and charge quantization consistency.
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