Practice question

**Potential energy of magnetic dipole** U = -m B cosθ explains stability. Given m = 0.9 A·m², B = 0.5 T, θ = 90°, sin90° = 1, τ = 0.45 N·m. For 60°, sin60° = √3/2 ≈0.866, reducing torque proportionally. The torque on a magnetic dipole ( tau = m B sinθ ) acts as a restoring force when displaced from its equilibrium position (aligned with the field). This torque causes oscillatory motion, similar to a pendulum, as it seeks to return to the stable alignment. Substituting values gives The torque acts as a restoring force, which matches expected magnitude for this magnetic configuration, confirming