Practice question

**Hertz experiment** produced radio waves using spark gap LC oscillator, detected with loop antenna, confirming Maxwell's prediction, frequency ≈10⁸ Hz, wavelength ≈3 m, demonstrating EM waves travel at c, transverse, can be reflected, refracted, polarized. Radio waves can travel long distances through the atmosphere and are less affected by weather, allowing satellites to transmit precise timing signals for GPS positioning. Using c = fλ, E₀/B₀ = c, I_d = ε₀ dΦ_E/dt, and spectrum classification λ = c/f, evaluation yields Long-distance travel, illustrating EM wave transverse nature and Maxwell's displacement current concept.