Practice question

**Angular SHM** of pendulum results from restoring torque τ = -m g L sinθ ≈ -m g L θ for small θ, analogous to linear SHM with ω = √(g/L). This relation allows period determination from length and local gravity, illustrating gravitational influence on oscillation. At large angles, the sinusoidal restoring torque ( tau = -mgL sin θ ) introduces non-linear terms, disrupting the linear proportionality required for SHM. Applying x = A cos(ωt + φ), v = -ωA sin(ωt + φ), a = -ω²x and E = ½kA² = ½mω²A², result The restoring torque becomes non-linear follows, reflecting SHM dependence on amplitude A, ω and system parameters.