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Young's modulus: Y = StressStrain. Stress: Stress = Y×Strain = 9×1010×2×10−4 = 1.8×107N/m2. As per NCERT, applying relevant law/formula with correct units and sign convention leads to 1.8×107N/m2. This satisfies dimensional consistency and physical conditions given, so option B is scientifically correct.
Ref: NCERT Class 11 Physics, Thermal Properties and Gravitation.
Shear modulus: G = (F / A) / (Δx / L). Rearrange: Δx = (F L) / (A G). Area: A = 0.4 × 0.3 = 0.12 m2, L = 0.1 m. Substitute: Δx = (3 × 104 × 0.1) / (0.12 × 4.2 × 1010) = 3000 / (5.04 × 109) ≈ 5.95 × 10-7 m.
Ref: NCERT Class 11 Physics, Thermal Properties and Gravitation.
Stress: Stress = FA. Area: A = πr2 = 3.14×(0.01)2 = 3.14×10−4m2. Force: F = Stress×A = 4×107×3.14×10−4 = 1.256×104N. As per NCERT, applying relevant law/formula with correct units and sign convention leads to 1.256×104N. This satisfies dimensional consistency and physical conditions given, so option A is scientifically correct.
Ref: University Physics, Chapter 17: Thermal Expansion.
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