Practice question

Egg jelly is thick layer of sulfated fucan polysaccharides and glycoproteins surrounding vitelline envelope, deposited during oocyte growth and containing embedded chemotactic peptides resact and speract. Its primary adaptive functions are attracting sperm from distance via diffusion gradients ensuring fertilization in dilute seawater and inducing acrosome reaction through fucose-sulfate ligands that raise sperm calcium and pH. Jelly also contributes to species-specific agglutination of sperm. Polyspermy block is achieved by fertilization envelope elevation and hardening after cortical reaction, nutrient supply comes from yolk platelets, and embryonic genome activation depends on calcium and pH changes inside egg not jelly components.