Ribosome cannot detect mischarged tRNA because it checks only
codon–anticodon pairing is the scientifically accurate answer to this question. Within the study of Acid, Base, pH, this concept is well-established through extensive research and is documented in standard scientific literature. The specific properties, mechanisms, or characteristics of codon–anticodon pairing directly address what is being asked. Among the other options, amino acid, tRNA structure, and energy status do not correctly answer this question because they either refer to different concepts, describe properties of other molecules or processes, or represent common misconceptions about this topic.
Ref: Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry, Nelson & Cox, 8th Ed., Ch. 2