3 public questions tagged with this topic.
Parasitic helminths, such as tapeworms, exhibit high reproductive capacity to ensure survival despite host immune responses.
Ref: NCERT Class 11 Biology Chapter 4: Animal Kingdom Phylum Aschelminthes and Annelida
Reptiles have cornified, keratinized skin that reduces water loss, allowing them to survive in dry environments.
Ref: NCERT Class 11 Biology Chapter 4: Animal Kingdom Phylum Porifera and Cnidaria
Reptiles exhibit terrestrial adaptation principally through keratinized dry epidermis covered with overlapping horny scales or scutes composed of beta-keratin forming impermeable barrier minimizing transepidermal water loss offering mechanical protection against abrasion and predation. Epidermis largely aglandular few scent glands, prevents cutaneous respiration shifting gas exchange entirely to well-developed lungs with internal septation. Shelled amniotic eggs with calcareous shell, internal fertilization using hemipenes or single phallus, metanephric kidney excreting uricotelic wastes reduce water dependence, contrasting amphibians with moist glandular skin and cutaneous respiration vulnerability.
Ref: NCERT Class 11 Chapter 4 Reptilia Adaptations; Campbell Biology 12th ed. Chapter 34 Reptile Integument and Water Economy
