Practice question

**Effect of damping** is gradual amplitude reduction while period remains nearly constant for light damping. Mechanical energy decreases as work done against damping force, E(t) = ½ k A(t)² decaying exponentially, and motion ceases without external energy input, distinguishing from ideal undamped SHM. Velocity: v = -ω A sin (ω t + Φ) . A = 3 m, ω = 2π s⁻¹, Φ = -(π/4) . At t = 0.25 : 2π × 0.25 - (π/4) = (π/2) - (π/4) = (π/4) . v = -2π × 3 sin (π/4) = -6π × (√(2)/2) ≈ -13.32 m/s . Applying x = A cos(ωt + φ),