Examines the chemical behavior of phenols and ethers, including their characteristic reactions and common industrial and synthetic applications.
The longest chain is propane with two methyl groups on the second carbon, where the -OH is attached, named 2-methylpropan-2-ol.
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Chemistry > Chapter 7: Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers > Topic: Chemical Reactions of Phenols and Ethers and Uses
Pentan-1-ol (CH₃(CH₂)3CH₂OH), a primary alcohol, is oxidized to pentanoic acid (CH₃(CH₂)3COOH) using a strong oxidizing agent like KMnO₄.
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Chemistry > Chapter 7: Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers > Topic: Chemical Reactions of Phenols and Ethers and Uses
Propan-2-ol (CH₃CH(OH)CH₃), commonly known as isopropyl alcohol, is widely used as a disinfectant due to its antiseptic properties.
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Chemistry > Chapter 7: Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers > Topic: Chemical Reactions of Phenols and Ethers and Uses
Butan-2-ol (CH₃CH(OH)CH₂CH₃), a secondary alcohol, is oxidized to butan-2-one (CH₃COCH₂CH₃) with PCC.
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Chemistry > Chapter 7: Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers > Topic: Chemical Reactions of Phenols and Ethers and Uses
Pentane-2,4-diol (CH₃-CH(OH)-CH₂-CH(OH)-CH₃) has a 5-carbon chain, as counted from one end to the other: CH₃-CH-CH₂-CH-CH₃.
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Chemistry > Chapter 7: Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers > Topic: Chemical Reactions of Phenols and Ethers and Uses
Propyl magnesium bromide (CH₃CH₂CH₂MgBr) reacts with formaldehyde (HCHO), adding the propyl group to the carbonyl, yielding butan-1-ol (CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂OH) after hydrolysis.
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Chemistry > Chapter 7: Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers > Topic: Chemical Reactions of Phenols and Ethers and Uses
In Kolbe’s reaction, phenol reacts with CO₂ and NaOH under heat and pressure, followed by acidification, to form salicylic acid.
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Chemistry > Chapter 7: Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers > Topic: Chemical Reactions of Phenols and Ethers and Uses
2-Methylpropan-2-ol ((CH₃)3COH), a tertiary alcohol, does not oxidize with KMnO₄ due to the absence of an alpha hydrogen, so it remains unchanged.
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Chemistry > Chapter 7: Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers > Topic: Chemical Reactions of Phenols and Ethers and Uses
In Kolbe’s reaction, phenol reacts with CO₂ under basic conditions followed by acidification to form salicylic acid (2-hydroxybenzoic acid).
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Chemistry > Chapter 7: Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers > Topic: Chemical Reactions of Phenols and Ethers and Uses
In a non-polar solvent like CS₂, phenol undergoes controlled monobromination to form a mixture of o-bromophenol and p-bromophenol, with the para isomer being the major product.
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Chemistry > Chapter 7: Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers > Topic: Chemical Reactions of Phenols and Ethers and Uses
Pentan-3-ol (CH₃CH₂CH(OH)CH₂CH₃) dehydrates to pent-2-ene (CH₃CH=CHCH₂CH₃) as the major product with conc. H₂SO₄, following Saytzeff’s rule.
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Chemistry > Chapter 7: Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers > Topic: Chemical Reactions of Phenols and Ethers and Uses
Phenol reacts with Br₂ in water to form 2,4,6-tribromophenol due to the strong activation of the ring by the -OH group, leading to trisubstitution.
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Chemistry > Chapter 7: Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers > Topic: Chemical Reactions of Phenols and Ethers and Uses
