Latest questions in this category.
In NH₃ , hydrogen bonding occurs between the hydrogen of one molecule and the nitrogen lone pair of another, stronger than van der Waals forces in others.
Ref: NCERT Class 11 Chemistry > Chapter 4: Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure > Topic: Hydrogen Bonding and Resonance and Dipole Moment
In HF , the H-F bond is linear (as a diatomic molecule), and hydrogen bonding occurs in the liquid state due to high electronegativity of fluorine.
Ref: NCERT Class 11 Chemistry > Chapter 4: Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure > Topic: Hydrogen Bonding and Resonance and Dipole Moment
In XeF₆ , xenon is sp³d³ hybridized with 7 electron pairs (6 bonding, 1 lone), resulting in a distorted octahedral shape due to lone pair distortion.
Ref: NCERT Class 11 Chemistry > Chapter 4: Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure > Topic: Hydrogen Bonding and Resonance and Dipole Moment
In H₂O , oxygen is sp³ hybridized with 4 electron pairs (2 bonding, 2 lone), resulting in a bent shape with a 104.5° angle and strong hydrogen bonding.
Ref: NCERT Class 11 Chemistry > Chapter 4: Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure > Topic: Hydrogen Bonding and Resonance and Dipole Moment
For O₂ : (sigma 1s)² (sigma^* 1s)² (sigma 2s)² (sigma^* 2s)² (sigma 2pz)² (pi 2px)² (pi 2py)² (pi^* 2px)¹ (pi^* 2py)¹ . Bonding electrons = 10, antibonding = 6. Bond order = (10 - 6/2) = 2 .
Ref: NCERT Class 11 Chemistry > Chapter 4: Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure > Topic: Hydrogen Bonding and Resonance and Dipole Moment
In CH₂=CH-CH=CH-CH₃ : 2 double bonds (2 sigma, 2 pi), 2 C-C sigma, 8 C-H sigma. Total = 12 sigma + 2 pi = 14 bonds.
Ref: NCERT Class 11 Chemistry > Chapter 4: Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure > Topic: Hydrogen Bonding and Resonance and Dipole Moment
In IF₅ , iodine has 6 electron pairs (5 bonding, 1 lone), requiring sp³d² hybridization, forming a square pyramidal shape.
Ref: NCERT Class 11 Chemistry > Chapter 4: Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure > Topic: Hydrogen Bonding and Resonance and Dipole Moment
In SO₃ , sulfur is sp² hybridized with 3 equivalent bonds due to resonance, but bond angles are 120°. Adjusting for difficulty and options, SO₂ (119°) from prior sets suggests a misstep; SO₃ remains 120°. Correcting intent with options: NO₂ (~115° with radical) fits better if considered, but SO₃ is standard here.
Ref: NCERT Class 11 Chemistry > Chapter 4: Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure > Topic: Hydrogen Bonding and Resonance and Dipole Moment
Calcium (Ca) has the configuration [Ar] 4s² . Losing 2 electrons forms Ca²⁺ with a stable noble gas configuration [Ar] .
Ref: NCERT Class 11 Chemistry > Chapter 4: Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure > Topic: Hydrogen Bonding and Resonance and Dipole Moment
In HF , the H-F electronegativity difference (1.9) is greater than H-O (1.4) or H-N (0.9), leading to the strongest hydrogen bonding.
Ref: NCERT Class 11 Chemistry > Chapter 4: Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure > Topic: Hydrogen Bonding and Resonance and Dipole Moment
For Be₂ : (sigma 1s)² (sigma^* 1s)² (sigma 2s)² (sigma^* 2s)² . Bonding = 4, antibonding = 4. Bond order = (4 - 4/2) = 0 , but Li₂ (bond order 1) is stable. Adjusting for intent: Be₂ is typically unstable despite theoretical 1 in some excited states; He₂⁺ fits better with bond order 0.5. Correcting: H₂⁻ has bond order 0.5, unstable in neutral context.
Ref: NCERT Class 11 Chemistry > Chapter 4: Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure > Topic: Hydrogen Bonding and Resonance and Dipole Moment
The bond enthalpy of N₂ (triple bond) is 946 kJ/mol, reflecting its high stability due to three shared electron pairs.
Ref: NCERT Class 11 Chemistry > Chapter 4: Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure > Topic: Hydrogen Bonding and Resonance and Dipole Moment
