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Telomerase adds repetitive sequences to the ends of chromosomes to prevent their shortening during DNA replication.
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Biology Chapter 5: Molecular Basis of Inheritance DNA Replication - Semiconservative and Machinery
End replication problem arises because DNA polymerases require primer and synthesize only 5' to 3', leaving lagging strand telomere unable to be fully replicated after removal of terminal RNA primer. Telomerase overcomes this by specialized ribonucleoprotein containing intrinsic RNA template complementary to telomeric repeat and protein reverse transcriptase subunit TERT that extends 3' G-rich overhang adding TTAGGG repeats in humans. Extension creates substrate for primase-pol alpha fill-in of complementary C-rich strand, maintaining telomere length, preventing senescence, and supporting immo
Ref: Lodish et al., Molecular Cell Biology, 9th ed., Chapter 11: Telomerase Solves End Replication Problem
90% of cancers, is consistent with established principles of cell signaling, receptor pharmacology and cellular regulation. Experimental measurements of binding parameters, genetic loss-of-function studies and pharmacological interventions all converge on the same interpretation. Related options address neighboring concepts but do not satisfy the precise criterion stated in the question.
Ref: NCERT Biology Class 11–12 Alberts et al Molecular Biology of the Cell Lodish et al, Molecular Cell Biology Cooper & Hausman, The Cell Abbas et al., Cellular and Molecular Immunology (for immunology sections)
Replicative immortality, is consistent with established principles of cell signaling, receptor pharmacology and cellular regulation. Experimental measurements of binding parameters, genetic loss-of-function studies and pharmacological interventions all converge on the same interpretation. Related options address neighboring concepts but do not satisfy the precise criterion stated in the question.
Ref: NCERT Biology Class 11–12 Alberts et al Molecular Biology of the Cell Lodish et al, Molecular Cell Biology Cooper & Hausman, The Cell Abbas et al., Cellular and Molecular Immunology (for immunology sections)
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