Removal of stamens to prevent self-pollination is called:
Emasculation removes immature androecium to render female parent incapable of self-pollination, ensuring only desired male parent contributes pollen in artificial cross. Techniques include manual method using forceps and scalpel to excise anthers before dehiscence at green bud stage, hot water emersion at 42 to 48C for 5 to 10 minutes to kill pollen in rice and sorghum exploiting differential thermo-sensitivity, and suction method aspirating anthers. After removal, flower covered immediately with butter-paper bag to exclude foreign pollen. Stigma bagged separately until receptive, indicated by
Ref: Acquaah Plant Breeding Emasculation techniques; IARI Practical Manual Hybridization steps; e-coursesonline.iasri.res.in Emasculation.
