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#semiconductor diode

2 public questions tagged with this topic.

Doping, Charge Carriers and Conductivity

The direction of conventional current in a forward-biased diode is:

**Charge carriers** in n-type majority electrons, minority holes, in p-type majority holes, minority electrons, minority concentration reduced due to recombination n_e n_h = n_i², doping increases majority, conductivity σ = e(n_e μ_e + n_h μ_h), increases with doping. Donor ionization energy small ~0.01 eV, electrons easily promoted to conduction band at room temperature. In forward bias, current flows from p-side (positive) to n-side (negative) conventionally, as indicated by the diode symbol’s arrow, due to the flow of majority carriers. Substituting values gives P-side to n-side, which matc

Ref: NCERT > Physics Book > Electronic Devices > Doping, Charge Carriers and Conductivity

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Semiconductors, Types and Energy Bands

The primary advantage of a semiconductor diode over a vacuum tube is:

**Types of semiconductors** elemental Si, Ge group IV with 4 valence electrons, compound GaAs, InP etc. Intrinsic has n_e = n_h, extrinsic doped with pentavalent donors (P, As) gives n-type excess electrons, trivalent acceptors (B, Al) gives p-type excess holes, resistivity range semiconductors 10⁻⁵ to 10⁶ Ω·m vs insulators 10¹¹ Ω·m. Semiconductor diodes are small, low-power, operate at low voltages, and have long life and high reliability compared to bulky, high-power vacuum tubes. Substituting values gives Long life and reliability, which matches expected behaviour for this semiconductor dev

Ref: NCERT > Physics Book > Electronic Devices > Semiconductors, Types and Energy Bands

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