3 public questions tagged with this topic.
Second period elements (Li to F) have only 2s and 2p orbitals, limiting covalency to 4. C (group 14) achieves this (e.g., CH₄), unlike Li, Be, or N.
Ref: NCERT Class 11 Chemistry > Chapter 3: Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties > Topic: Nomenclature of Elements with Atomic Number >100
Electron affinity increases across period 2. F has the highest electron affinity in period 2 (Li, Be, N, F), though less than Cl (period 3) due to electron repulsion in its compact 2p orbitals.
Ref: NCERT Class 11 Chemistry > Chapter 3: Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties > Topic: Electron Gain Enthalpy and Electronegativity and Valency
Ionic bonding decreases across a period as electronegativity increases. F (group 17, electronegativity 4.0) prefers covalent bonds, unlike Li, Be, or B.
Ref: NCERT Class 11 Chemistry > Chapter 3: Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties > Topic: Electron Gain Enthalpy and Electronegativity and Valency
