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#science terms

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RIA stands for:

Radioimmunoassay developed by Solomon Berson and Rosalyn Yalow 1960 represented first method achieving picogram sensitivity for protein hormone quantification, earning Nobel Prize Physiology 1977. Principle competitive: fixed limiting amount of specific antibody incubated with constant amount of radiolabeled antigen tracer and variable unlabeled sample. Radiolabel typically iodine-125 introduced onto tyrosine residues via chloramine T oxidation producing reactive iodonium ion electrophilically substituting aromatic ring or via lactoperoxidase enzymatic iodination preserving biological activity

Ref: Berson & Yalow J Clin Invest 1960 39:1157 Radioimmunoassay iodine-125; Lodish Molecular Biology competitive binding tracer.