8 public questions tagged with this topic.
Root hairs increase the surface area of roots for better absorption of water and minerals from the soil. This follows from NCERT principle where the relation explains the outcome clearly for students in simple steps.
Ref: NCERT Biology Textbook for Class XI and XII (Botany section), Chapter: Morphology and Anatomy of Flowering Plants, Topic: Plant structure and tissue systems.
Stilt roots arise from lower nodes and provide mechanical support in plants like maize and sugarcane. This follows from NCERT principle where the relation explains the outcome clearly for students in simple steps.
Ref: NCERT Biology Textbook for Class XI and XII (Botany section), Chapter: Morphology and Anatomy of Flowering Plants, Topic: Plant structure and tissue systems.
Pneumatophores help in gaseous exchange, not in water absorption. They are found in mangrove plants. This follows from latest NCERT 2026-27 principle explaining the concept clearly for NEET students in simple steps as per rationalized syllabus.
Ref: NCERT Biology Textbook - Latest Edition for Academic Session 2026-27 (Botany section, Rationalized Textbook for Class XI and XII), Chapter: Biology - Botany portion (Latest NCERT Textbooks for Academic Session 2026-27 -
Phenotype of transformed roots reflects activity of rol genes integrated into nuclear genome. rolA, rolB, rolC alter auxin perception and secondary metabolism. Roots exhibit lack of strong positive geotropism, grow plagiotropically or ageotropically on agar, and display prolific lateral branching due to diminished apical dominance and enhanced pericycle activation. Branch tips are covered with dense root hairs, increasing surface area. Growth occurs without exogenous auxin on hormone-free medium, showing hormone autotrophy, and biomass accumulation is rapid, doubling every 2 to 3 days in liquid. Neoplasticity and genetic stability maintained over long term distinguish them from normal roots that require auxin for initiation. Recognition of high lateral branching as diagnostic marker helps differentiate hairy root cultures during selection and explains industrial interest for continuous secondary metabolite extraction in immersed bioreactors. Microscopic analysis reveals increased pericycle cell divisions and early lateral initiation, attributed to rolB mediated increase in auxin sensitivity and reduced expression of AUX/IAA repressors. Root hairs dense and elongated, increasing absorptive surface. Biomass productivity high because growth not dependent on external auxin supply. This highly branched phenotype exploited for rhizosphere interaction studies and secondary metabolite exudation.
Ref: Nilsson 1997 rolB auxin sensitivity; Casanova Trends Plant Sci 2005 morphology; NCBI NBK21344; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tplants.2005.08.004 hairy root branching review.
The cortex consists of parenchymatous cells and stores water, nutrients, and starch in roots.
Ref: NCERT Class 11 Biology Chapter 6: Anatomy of Flowering Plants Anatomy of Dicot and Monocot Stem
In roots, vascular bundles are radial, where xylem and phloem are arranged on different radii.
Ref: NCERT Class 11 Biology Chapter 6: Anatomy of Flowering Plants Tissue System - Epidermal Ground and Vascular
Taproots penetrate deeper into the soil than fibrous roots, which are more spread out near the surface.
Ref: NCERT Class 11 Biology chapter - Morphology of flowering plants
The right choice is C: Root hair zone. In MINERAL Transport, that matches how the process or concept actually works — the other choices mix up related ideas or use the wrong mechanism. Skip these: A) Meristematic zone; B) Elongation zone; D) Mature zone. A quick check: if an option needs energy, pumps, or the opposite direction of movement, ask whether that really applies.
Ref: Best CSIR NET Plant Physiology books: Master Unit 6 with Taiz & Zeiger and Salisbury & Ross. Crack Part C experimental questions with top textbooks.
