“Independent positioning of individuals” for random dispersion is characterized by. This relationship follows from the ecological mechanism represented by the terms in the item, not merely from an association between their names. Mechanistic support comes from showing how resource limitation, enemies, mate availability, or physiological stress changes demographic performance. A descriptive association alone does not establish regulation or causation. The remaining alternatives—“Strong repulsion among individuals”, “Strong attraction among individuals”, “High territoriality”—refer to different
Ref:
Campbell Biology, Urry et al., 12th Ed., Unit 8 Ecology