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The sigma (Ï) factor of prokaryotic RNA polymerase recognizes the promoter and facilitates transcription initiation.
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Biology Chapter 5: Molecular Basis of Inheritance Transcription - Mechanism and RNA Polymerase
Purification of DNA-dependent RNA synthesizing activity in Escherichia coli extracts was achieved independently by Samuel B. Weiss and Jerard Hurwitz around 1960, shortly after identification of messenger RNA concept. Using radiolabeled nucleoside triphosphates incorporation assays, they demonstrated enzyme requirement for double-stranded DNA template, four rNTPs, and magnesium, producing RNA-DNA hybrid product distinct from polynucleotide phosphorylase. Watson and Crick had elucidated DNA structure, Jacob and Monod operon regulation, Kornberg DNA polymerase. Weiss and Hurwitz discovery clarif
Ref: Watson Molecular Biology of Gene Historical notes Prokaryotic RNA polymerase discovery Weiss Hurwitz 1960; Lehninger History transcription enzymology
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