19 public questions tagged with this topic.
Plants produce secondary metabolites, such as toxins, to deter herbivores.
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Biology Chapter 11: Organisms and Populations Adaptations - Morphological Physiological Behavioural
Developmental heterophylly is observed in coriander, where leaves of juvenile and mature plants differ.
Ref: NCERT Class 11 Biology Chapter 13: Plant Growth and Development Plant Growth Regulators - Auxins and Gibberellins
CAM plants store CO2 as organic acids at night to minimize water loss during the day.
Ref: NCERT Class 11 Biology Chapter 11: Photosynthesis in Higher Plants Photosynthesis - Early Experiments and Pigments
Rhizomes are underground stems that store food and help in vegetative propagation, as seen in ginger.
Ref: NCERT Class 11 Biology Chapter 5: Morphology of Flowering Plants Stem - Modifications and Functions
In Selaginella, the ligule, a small outgrowth on the leaf base, plays a role in retaining moisture, helping the plant survive dry conditions.
Ref: NCERT Class 11 Biology Chapter 3: Plant Kingdom Pteridophytes - Structure and Life Cycle
Pneumatophores, or breathing roots, are specialized aerial roots found in mangroves to help in gaseous exchange in waterlogged conditions.
Ref: NCERT Class 11 Biology chapter - Morphology of flowering plants
Pneumatophores are specialized aerial roots found in mangrove plants that help in gaseous exchange in waterlogged soils.
Ref: NCERT Class 11 Biology chapter - Morphology of flowering plants
Tuberous roots are a modification of roots, not stems. Examples include sweet potato.
Ref: NCERT Class 11 Biology chapter - Morphology of flowering plants
Sweet potato has tuberous roots, which store food and swell up.
Ref: NCERT Class 11 Biology chapter - Morphology of flowering plants
In xerophytic plants like cacti, leaves are modified into spines to reduce water loss and protect against herbivores.
Ref: NCERT Class 11 Biology chapter - Morphology of flowering plants
In some plants like grass and banyan, the primary root (radicle) is short-lived, and roots develop from other plant parts instead.
Ref: NCERT Class 11 Biology chapter - Morphology of flowering plants
Land plant spores possess complex wall stratification including innermost intine cellulosic, middle exine rich in chemically inert sporopollenin highly resistant polymer derived from lipid metabolism, and outer perispore. Primary adaptive value involves preventing desiccation during prolonged airborne dispersal across dry air, fluctuating humidity and high temperatures, maintaining protoplast viability until germination on moist substrate. While sporopollenin confers resistance against pathogens, chemical degradation and UV, desiccation resistance drives major selection. Herbivory and mechanic
Ref: Wellman et al. Sporopollenin wall, J Micropalaeontology; Campbell Ch 29: Spore
