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Phenol reacts with conc. H₂SO₄ at 25°C to form phenol-2-sulfonic acid (2-hydroxybenzenesulfonic acid) as the major product due to ortho substitution.
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Chemistry > Chapter 7: Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers > Topic: Physical Properties and Acidity of Alcohols and Phenols
Phenol reacts with CHCl₃ and aqueous NaOH in the Reimer-Tiemann reaction to form salicylaldehyde (2-hydroxybenzaldehyde) via electrophilic substitution at the ortho position.
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Chemistry > Chapter 7: Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers > Topic: Chemical Reactions of Phenols and Ethers and Uses
In the Reimer-Tiemann reaction, phenol reacts with CHCl₃ and NaOH to form salicylaldehyde (C₆H₄(OH)CHO) after acidification.
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Chemistry > Chapter 7: Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers > Topic: Chemical Reactions of Phenols and Ethers and Uses
In Kolbe’s reaction, phenol reacts with CO₂ and NaOH under heat and pressure, followed by acidification, to form salicylic acid (2-hydroxybenzoic acid).
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Chemistry > Chapter 7: Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers > Topic: Chemical Reactions of Phenols and Ethers and Uses
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