Which technique allows the study of electrical activity of single ion channels?
Patch-clamp achieves electrical isolation of a tiny membrane patch by forming a gigaohm seal between a fire-polished glass micropipette and cell surface, enabling resolution of picoampere currents through one ion channel. Developed by Erwin Neher and Bert Sakmann, configurations include cell-attached, inside-out, outside-out and whole-cell, allowing study of voltage-gated, ligand-gated and mechanosensitive channels, single-channel conductance, open probability and kinetics. Single-unit recording monitors whole neuron firing, EEG sums thousands of cortical postsynaptic potentials, MRI uses prot
Ref: NCERT Biology Class XII Principles on Klenow fill-in labeling, Lehninger Chapter 9 DNA cloning techniques, and Molecular Cloning by Sambrook Chapter 10 documenting end-labeling of cohesive termini.