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Long-chain (fatty) alcohols such as lauryl alcohol are commonly used in the manufacture of detergents due to their ability to form surfactants.
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Chemistry > Chapter 7: Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers > Topic: Physical Properties and Acidity of Alcohols and Phenols
The compound has a 3-carbon chain with -OH groups on carbons 1 and 3, named propane-1,3-diol in IUPAC nomenclature.
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Chemistry > Chapter 7: Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers > Topic: Classification and Nomenclature and Structures of Alcohols Phenols Ethers
The compound has a 4-carbon chain with -OH groups on carbons 1 and 3, named butane-1,3-diol in IUPAC nomenclature.
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Chemistry > Chapter 7: Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers > Topic: Classification and Nomenclature and Structures of Alcohols Phenols Ethers
Boiling point increases with molecular weight due to stronger London forces. CH₃CH₂I has the highest molecular weight among the options.
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Chemistry > Chapter 6: Haloalkanes and Haloarenes > Topic: Physical Properties - Boiling Point Dipole Moment Solubility
CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₃ (butane) has 13 σ bonds (10 C-H, 3 C-C), more than the others: CH₄ (4), CH₂=CH₂ (5), HC≡CH (3).
Ref: NCERT Class 11 Chemistry > Chapter 8: Organic Chemistry - Some Basic Principles and Techniques > Topic: Fundamental Concepts - Reaction Mechanism - Fission and Reaction Intermediates
Boiling point decreases with lower molecular weight in alkanes. CH₃CH₃ (ethane, MW 30) has the lowest MW among the options.
Ref: NCERT Class 11 Chemistry > Chapter 8: Organic Chemistry - Some Basic Principles and Techniques > Topic: Fundamental Concepts - Reaction Mechanism - Fission and Reaction Intermediates
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