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Chemosynthetic autotrophic bacteria oxidise inorganic substances such as nitrites and ammonia. They use the released energy for ATP production and help recycle nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, iron and sulphur.
Ref: NCERT Class 11 Biology Chapter 2: Biological Classification Protista - Euglenoids Slime Moulds Protozoans
“Bacteria” for which organism group performs nitrification. This relationship follows from the ecological mechanism represented by the terms in the item, not merely from an association between their names. Rates depend on temperature, moisture, substrate quality, consumer physiology, and the elemental balance between organisms and their food. These controls explain why the same process can differ among terrestrial, freshwater, and marine systems without changing its definition. The remaining alternatives—“Fungi”, “Algae”, “Protozoa”—refer to different states, processes, or scales and therefore
Ref: Ecology: From Individuals to Ecosystems, Begon et al., 5th Ed., Ch. 18
“Nitrification” for the oxidation of ammonium ions is part of. This relationship follows from the ecological mechanism represented by the terms in the item, not merely from an association between their names. Ecosystem processes are constrained by energy conservation and by the cycling of matter. Energy enters mainly through primary production, is lost as metabolic heat at every transfer, and therefore cannot be recycled in the way that carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, or water can. The remaining alternatives—“Fixation”, “Denitrification”, “Mineralization”—refer to different states, processes, or
Ref: Ecology: From Individuals to Ecosystems, Begon et al., 5th Ed., Ch. 18
“Nitrobacter” for which bacteria convert nitrite to nitrate. This relationship follows from the ecological mechanism represented by the terms in the item, not merely from an association between their names. The relevant inference should follow the pathway from resource supply to organismal uptake and then to ecosystem-level flux. Productivity, trophic transfer, decomposition, and nutrient regeneration are connected, but each measures a different part of that pathway. The remaining alternatives—“Ammonia-oxidizing archaea”, “Nitrosomonas”, “Rhizobium”—refer to different states, processes, or sca
Ref: Ecology: From Individuals to Ecosystems, Begon et al., 5th Ed., Ch. 18
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