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Primary valence is the oxidation state. In [Ni(NH₃)6]Cl₂, NH₃ is neutral, and 2 Cl− balance [Ni(NH₃)6]2+, so Ni is +2.
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Chemistry > Chapter 5: Coordination Compounds > Topic: Crystal Field Theory - CFT and Crystal Field Splitting and CFSE
[NiCl₄]2− (Ni₂+, d8) with weak field Cl− and 4 ligands is tetrahedral, using sp3 hybridization.
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Chemistry > Chapter 5: Coordination Compounds > Topic: Bonding - Valence Bond Theory and Hybridisation
[Ni(CO)4] is tetrahedral (Ni in 0 oxidation state, d10). It uses 4 orbitals from 4s and 4p, forming sp3 hybrid orbitals to bond with 4 CO ligands.
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Chemistry > Chapter 5: Coordination Compounds > Topic: Bonding - Valence Bond Theory and Hybridisation
E°cell = -0.25 - (-0.40) = 0.15 V . Ecell = 0.15 - (0.059/2) log (0.01/0.1) = 0.15 + 0.0295 = 0.1795 V .
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Chemistry > Chapter 2: Electrochemistry > Topic: Corrosion and Applications of Electrochemistry
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