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Applications of EM Waves in Communication and Medicine

Why are microwaves used in aircraft navigation radar systems?

**Radio waves** effective for long-distance communication because low frequency waves diffract around Earth curvature and reflect from ionosphere, enabling beyond line-of-sight, used in AM (≈10⁶ Hz) ground wave, short wave sky wave. Microwaves used for satellite due to high frequency penetrates ionosphere and directional beam. The document explains that microwaves are suitable for radar systems due to their short wavelengths, which allow for precise detection and ranging. Using c = fλ, E₀/B₀ = c, I_d = ε₀ dΦ_E/dt, and spectrum classification λ = c/f, evaluation yields They have short wavelengt

Ref: NCERT > Physics Book > Electromagnetic Waves > Applications of EM Waves in Communication and Medicine

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Applications of EM Waves in Communication and Medicine

Why are microwaves suitable for radar systems in aircraft navigation?

**Microwaves in ovens** cause water molecules to rotate at 2.45 GHz, friction heats food, penetration depth few cm, efficient heating, also radar uses reflection of microwaves from objects, Doppler shift measures speed, medical diathermy uses microwaves for tissue heating. The document explains that microwaves have short wavelengths, making them suitable for radar systems as they can form narrow beams for precise detection. Using c = fλ, E₀/B₀ = c, I_d = ε₀ dΦ_E/dt, and spectrum classification λ = c/f, evaluation yields They have short wavelengths, illustrating EM wave transverse nature and Ma

Ref: NCERT > Physics Book > Electromagnetic Waves > Applications of EM Waves in Communication and Medicine

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