In a standard reflex arc, the specific neuron that rapidly transmits the signal from the spinal cord directly to the eff
reflex actions represent a crucial and fascinating evolutionary adaptation. A reflex is a sudden, involuntary reaction to a potentially harmful stimulus. The specific pathway taken by the nerve impulses in a reflex action is called a reflex arc. Because the conscious thinking process of the brain is relatively slow and involves complex interactions of many millions of neurons, reflex arcs have evolved to facilitate immediate responses. If we were to consciously think about pulling a hand away from a hot object, we might get burnt before the thought process completes. Therefore, reflex arcs are formed in the spinal cord, where incoming sensory nerves meet outgoing motor nerves, allowing the signal to safely bypass the brain for a rapid, life-saving response, while still sending a message to the brain for later processing. This outgoing signal is carried by the motor neuron, which directly instructs the effector muscle to immediately contract.
Ref: NCERT Class 10 Science chapter 6 control and coordination