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In C₂H₂ , each carbon is sp hybridized, forming a triple bond and a linear structure with a 180° bond angle.
Ref: NCERT Class 11 Chemistry > Chapter 4: Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure > Topic: Valence Bond Theory and Hybridisation - sp sp2 sp3 dsp2
In BeCl₂ , beryllium uses one s and one p orbital to form two sp hybrid orbitals, resulting in a linear geometry.
Ref: NCERT Class 11 Chemistry > Chapter 4: Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure > Topic: Ionic Bonding - Lattice Enthalpy and Properties of Ionic Compounds
In HF , the H-F bond is linear (as a diatomic molecule), and hydrogen bonding occurs in the liquid state due to high electronegativity of fluorine.
Ref: NCERT Class 11 Chemistry > Chapter 4: Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure > Topic: Hydrogen Bonding and Resonance and Dipole Moment
In HCN , carbon is sp hybridized, forming a triple bond with nitrogen and a single bond with hydrogen, resulting in a linear shape with a 180° bond angle. No lone pairs on carbon affect the geometry.
Ref: NCERT Class 11 Chemistry > Chapter 4: Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure > Topic: Hydrogen Bonding and Resonance and Dipole Moment
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