#ligand

plant Development -ll

Ligand for CLV1 receptor kinase encoded by:

CLAVATA1 encodes leucine-rich repeat receptor-like kinase with extracellular leucine-rich repeat recognition domain, transmembrane helix, and intracellular serine/threonine kinase effector domain expressed in organizing center and L3 layers. Its specific high-affinity ligand is mature processed CLV3 CLE peptide secreted from overlying central zone stem cells after proteolytic cleavage and arabinosylation. Binding of CLV3 to CLV1 often in complex with CLV2 and pseudokinase CORYNE triggers autophosphorylation, MAPK cascade, and transcriptional repression of WUS. Spatial separation between peptid

Ref: Clark et al., Cell 1997; Ogawa et al., PNAS: CLV1 receptor perceives CLV3 peptide ligand in SAM.

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Crystal Field Theory - CFT and Crystal Field Splitting and CFSE

Which ligand causes the smallest crystal field splitting in an octahedral field?

From the spectrochemical series, F− is the weakest field ligand.

Ref: NCERT Class 12 Chemistry > Chapter 5: Coordination Compounds > Topic: Crystal Field Theory - CFT and Crystal Field Splitting and CFSE

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Colour and Magnetic Properties and Stability and Importance

Which ligand is present in the complex [Co(en)3]3+?

[Co(en)3]3+ contains 3 ethane-1,2-diamine (en) ligands, a bidentate ligand denoted as H₂NCH₂CH₂NH₂.

Ref: NCERT Class 12 Chemistry > Chapter 5: Coordination Compounds > Topic: Colour and Magnetic Properties and Stability and Importance

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Hybridization

In SPR, the ligand is:

In Surface Plasmon Resonance terminology, ligand refers to the molecule permanently attached to the sensor chip dextran matrix, while analyte is the soluble partner that flows in microfluidic channels. Immobilization is typically achieved via amine, thiol, or streptavidin coupling, ensuring stable baseline and reproducible orientation. Ligand density influences response magnitude and kinetic accessibility. Analyte binding to ligand produces resonance unit increase. Distinguishing ligand and analyte is crucial for kinetic modeling, since immobilization restricts diffusion and may affect binding

Ref: NCERT Biology Class XII Principles on Klenow fill-in labeling, Lehninger Chapter 9 DNA cloning techniques, and Molecular Cloning by Sambrook Chapter 10 documenting end-labeling of cohesive termini.

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