Small mammals such as mice generally have a much higher intrinsic rate of increase than large, slow-lived vertebrates. They mature early, have short generation times, reproduce frequently, and produce several offspring per litter. These traits place reproductive contribution early in the life table, which strongly elevates r because offspring produced sooner can themselves reproduce sooner. Elephants and humans mature late, have long gestation, small litters, and long intervals between births; their populations therefore increase slowly even when adult survival is high. Many snakes have interm
Ref:
Ecology: Concepts and Applications, Molles, 9th Ed., Ch. 11