Gynogenesis involves culture of:
Gynogenesis derives haploid plants from female gametic lineage, typically through in vitro culture of unpollinated ovules, ovaries, or isolated embryo sacs under defined media conditions. Under specific culture conditions, cells of embryo sac such as egg cell, synergids, antipodals, or nucellar tissue undergo sporophytic development without fertilization, forming haploid embryo with maternal genome and maternal cytoplasm. Unlike androgenesis that samples male gametes, gynogenesis recovers maternal genotype useful when male gametophyte is recalcitrant or expresses self-incompatibility leading t
Ref: Hosoki T & Asahira. Gynogenesis – ovule culture; Bohanec B 2009 – review of gynogenic haploid breeding
