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Sucrose, upon hydrolysis, yields glucose and fructose, catalyzed by invertase or acid.
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Chemistry > Chapter 14: Biomolecules > Topic: Carbohydrates - Disaccharides and Glycosidic Linkage
Fructose is a ketose sugar due to the presence of a ketone group at C2 in its open chain form.
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Chemistry > Chapter 14: Biomolecules > Topic: Carbohydrates - Monosaccharides - Structure and Properties
In its open chain form, fructose (a ketohexose) has three chiral carbons at C3, C4, and C5.
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Chemistry > Chapter 14: Biomolecules > Topic: Carbohydrates - Monosaccharides - Structure and Properties
Reduction of fructose (a ketohexose) with hydrogen converts the ketone group to an alcohol, forming mannitol, a sugar alcohol.
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Chemistry > Chapter 14: Biomolecules > Topic: Carbohydrates - Monosaccharides - Structure and Properties
Fructose forms a five-membered ring in its cyclic form, similar to furan, hence called fructofuranose.
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Chemistry > Chapter 14: Biomolecules > Topic: Carbohydrates - Monosaccharides - Structure and Properties
Ketose is the accurate classification or categorization for the organism, molecule, or concept described in this question. In Carbohydrates, proper classification is based on shared characteristics including morphological, biochemical, genetic, and evolutionary criteria. Ketose meets the specific diagnostic features and defining criteria that distinguish it from related groups. The other options (Aldose, Disaccharide, and Polysaccharide) belong to different taxonomic groups, represent different classification levels, or possess distinct characteristics that exclude them from this category.
Ref: Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry, Nelson & Cox, 8th Ed., Ch. 7
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