4 public questions tagged with this topic.
The -OH group donates electrons to the benzene ring via resonance, increasing electron density at ortho and para positions, thus activating it for electrophilic substitution.
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Chemistry > Chapter 7: Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers > Topic: Physical Properties and Acidity of Alcohols and Phenols
Phenol reacts with Br₂ in water to form 2,4,6-tribromophenol due to the strong activation of the ring by the -OH group, leading to trisubstitution.
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Chemistry > Chapter 7: Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers > Topic: Chemical Reactions of Phenols and Ethers and Uses
Electrophilic substitution of benzene with chlorine and a Lewis acid (e.g., FeCl₃ ) replaces a hydrogen with chlorine, forming chlorobenzene ( C₆H₅Cl ).
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Chemistry > Chapter 6: Haloalkanes and Haloarenes > Topic: Polyhalogen Compounds - Chloroform Iodoform DDT Freons
Benzene ( C₆H₆ ) reacts with I₂ in the presence of an oxidizing agent (e.g., HNO₃ ) to form iodobenzene ( C₆H₅I ).
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Chemistry > Chapter 6: Haloalkanes and Haloarenes > Topic: Physical Properties - Boiling Point Dipole Moment Solubility
