Electrochemical biosensors mainly detect changes in:
Electrochemical biosensors dominate commercial diagnostic market, typified by blood glucose strips, due to ease of miniaturization, low cost and compatibility with portable potentiostats. In these devices analyte recognition by oxidoreductase, dehydrogenase, or affinity bioreceptor immobilized on working electrode modifies local redox environment, ion concentration or interfacial electron transfer resistance. Amperometric mode measures current arising from oxidation or reduction of enzymatic product such as hydrogen peroxide at fixed potential following Cottrell equation where current proporti
Ref: Wang Chemical Reviews 2008 Electrochemical Biosensors; Lodish Molecular Cell Biology 9th ed. biosensing; NIH biosensor guide.