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Large-scale deforestation of the Amazon rainforest has caused extensive habitat loss and biodiversity decline.
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Biology Chapter 13: Biodiversity and Conservation Loss of Biodiversity - Causes - Habitat Loss Overexploitation
Agricultural expansion is the largest global driver of deforestation. Forests are cleared to create cropland, cattle pasture, plantations, and infrastructure associated with production. In tropical regions, commodities such as beef, soy, oil palm, cocoa, and timber interact with local subsistence farming and land tenure to determine where clearing occurs. Logging can directly remove canopy trees and open roads that make later agricultural conversion easier, but a logged area is not necessarily permanently deforested if forest cover regenerates. Mining and urban growth cause severe local losses
Ref: Ecology: Concepts and Applications, Molles, 9th Ed., Ch. 2-3
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