Cyanogen bromide is used in insulin production to:
Cyanogen bromide chemical cleavage exquisite selectivity methionine residues enabling precise excision fusion partner. Mechanism involves nucleophilic attack thioether sulfur methionine electrophilic carbon CNBr generating cyanosulfonium intermediate undergoing intramolecular cyclization carbonyl oxygen forming iminolactone ring subsequently hydrolyzed acidic conditions homoserine lactone C-terminal cleavage site while N-terminal fragment released. Specificity exploited recombinant insulin manufacturing where fusion proteins engineered single methionine codon junction between beta-galactosidas
Ref: Methods Enzymol Cyanogen Bromide Cleavage Meinke 1981; Watson Molecular Biology Protein Cleavage Methods; NCERT Biotechnology Bioprocess Cleavage Techniques.