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#biological synthesis

2 public questions tagged with this topic.

Gene Therapy

Somatostatin is produced as:

Somatostatin tetradecapeptide 14 aa sequence Ala Gly Cys Lys Asn Phe Phe Trp Lys Thr Phe Thr Ser Cys cyclized via disulfide cysteines 3 and 14 functions potent inhibitor growth hormone insulin glucagon secretion, making direct bacterial expression challenging small bioactive peptide inserts membrane disrupts host metabolism undergoes rapid proteolysis cytoplasmic peptidases OmpT. To overcome instability Itakura 1977 expressed synthetic DNA encoding somatostatin fused downstream E. coli beta-galactosidase fragment 590 residues or tryptophan operon leader peptide trpE 190 residues under trp prom

Ref: Itakura et al Science 1977 Somatostatin Fusion Production Landmark; NCBI First Recombinant Peptide Manufacturing Review; Lodish Fusion Protein Expression Chap 9.

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Gene Therapy

Human growth hormone is produced using:

Human growth hormone somatotropin monomeric 22 kDa protein 191 aa two intramolecular disulfide bridges Cys53-Cys165 Cys182-Cys189 secreted somatotrophs anterior pituitary under GHRH stimulates hepatic IGF-1 production promoting longitudinal bone growth protein synthesis. Recombinant production first accomplished E. coli K12 because hormone lacks N-linked glycosylation essential in vivo activity unlike erythropoietin requiring sialylated glycans circulatory half-life, making prokaryotic expression feasible cost-effective. Gene without native signal peptide inserted downstream tryptophan operon

Ref: Endocrine Reviews hGH E coli Production Goeddel 1979; NCBI Biotech hGH Manufacturing Process; Campbell Recombinant Expression Systems Ch 20.

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