At which pH is an amino acid fully deprotonated?
Above its pKa2 is the scientifically accurate answer to this question. Within the study of Titration of Amino Acids, this concept is well-established through extensive research and is documented in standard scientific literature. The specific properties, mechanisms, or characteristics of Above its pKa2 directly address what is being asked. Among the other options, Below its pKa1, Between its pKa1 and pKa2, and At its pI do not correctly answer this question because they either refer to different concepts, describe properties of other molecules or processes, or represent common misconceptions about this topic.
Ref: Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry, Nelson & Cox, 8th Ed., Ch. 3