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#barophiles

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Microbial Physiology

Barophiles are microorganisms adapted to:

Barophiles also called piezophiles specialized for high hydrostatic pressure exceeding 10 megapascals up to 110 MPa in hadal trenches. Pressure increases ordering of acyl chains reducing membrane fluidity similar to low temperature. Adaptations include increased proportion unsaturated polyunsaturated fatty acids EPA DHA introducing kinks maintaining fluidity, branched iso anteiso fatty acids, shorter chain length, incorporation cholesterol like molecules and carotenoids. Proteins exhibit reduced void volume due to compact packing, increased multimerization, reduced compressibility. Piezolytes

Ref: Madigan et al., Brock Biology of Microorganisms, Chapter 19: Barophiles - High hydrostatic pressure adaptation.

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Microbial Physiology

Bacteria that grow in high-pressure environments are called:

Pressure adaptation defines piezophiles formerly termed barophiles growing optimally at hydrostatic pressures significantly above atmospheric 0.1 megapascal. Habitats include deep oceans exceeding 1000 meters where pressure surpasses 10 megapascals increasing roughly 10 megapascals per kilometer depth, subseafloor sediments several kilometers thick, deep petroleum reservoirs and high-pressure food processing via pascalization. High pressure decreases membrane fluidity inducing gel transition to rigid state, disrupts assembly of multimeric complexes like ribosomes and division ring, inhibits DN

Ref: Madigan et al., Brock Biology of Microorganisms, 16th ed., Chapter 7: Barophiles and High-Pressure Adaptation.

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